Globalization Means Underaken Entirely - 805 Words

1. Defining Globalization: The term Globalization in origin came from the word ‘global’. In different languages there are different meanings for the word global. Meydan Larousse defined the term global as ‘’undertaken entirely’’ and this meaning was attributed to the word global by western languages. In French this term means ‘’homogeneity’’. Henceforth the word means both â€Å"entirety† and â€Å"homogeneity†. Here are various ideas on the first usage of the word globalization with its modern meaning. An American Defense Institute states globalization as â€Å"fast and continuous inter-border flow of goods, services, capital (or money), technology, ideas, information, cultures and nations†. According to the Institute, through globalization is a unique combination among economies is happening, an evidence modification is being experienced, and governance, markets, corporations and organizations are becoming more international. The term globalization covers many concepts and cannot be assessed uniquely as either economic, political process or worldwide spanning of capital or production flows. Hence, the word globalization is given various meanings by different people, but can be interpreted differently due to various dimensions based on the terms such as time and location. The term globalization has a wide complex and challenging effects that are mainly analyzed with its economic dimension taking cultural, social, political and historical facets as some references (Atkearney, 2007). 2.

Gender Discrimination At The Workplace - 866 Words

Gender Discrimination in the Workplace Many people associate certain occupations with a certain gender, like women with nurses and teachers, and men with lawyers and truck drivers. If those genders and occupations switched, the majority would deem it unethical. Occupations should not be linked with specific genders; whereas, they should be accessible to both genders. In certain occupations, people are treated differently because of their gender and labeled with different stereotypes. There should not be barriers that keep a certain gender from obtaining a particular job. Gender discrimination is present in the workplace in several ways; women and men are often paid differently, the same jobs are not offered to men and women, and men are held to a higher standard than women are. The pay gap between men and women is significant in the workforce. There are several reasons men could be paid more than women are. Career choice, experience, and hours worked are a few reasons why men might g et paid more. Discrimination, however, is one that is not as overt as the three mentioned previously. For example, if there is a male manager and a female manager, the male manager is more likely to hire and pay a male more and the female manager is more likely to hire and pay a female more because they share similar attributes and are the same gender. If a male hires a female, he is more likely to pay her less than he would his male counterpart. Experience also plays a large role in the genderShow MoreRelatedGender Discrimination And The Workplace Essay1242 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen make towards gender workplace equality but gender workplace discrimination continues to be an impediment to gender equality. For the purpose of research on gender workplace discrimination, I used four journal articles. The first article, Minimizing Workplace Gender and Racial Bias, by author William T. Bielby, discusses stereotyping in the workplace. The article offers suggestions on how organizatio ns should review their policy and procedures to minimize bias in the workplace. This articleRead MoreGender Discrimination At The Workplace962 Words   |  4 Pages Gender Discrimination in the Workplace Santisha Fleming Human Resource Management Dr.Juluis Demps –Management 360 Jacksonville University April, 1, 2015â€Æ' American women can vote, hold office, and they can work in a public work environment. They are considered have an equal opportunity when compared to men. What is the true definition of equal employment opportunity? Does this mean that women and men are offered the same opportunities in the workplace? As well treated equally in regardsRead MoreGender Discrimination At The Workplace1165 Words   |  5 PagesGender discrimination in the workplace is a recurring issue in businesses today. Employees are given the right by their employers to be protected from discrimination and inequality in the workplace. In just about every business setting today, men and women work together in the same fields, jobs, and projects. However, it has only been up until (relatively) recently that men and women have been in competition for the same jobs. With the predetermined assumptions of the different roles between bothRead MoreGender Discrimination in the Workplace765 Words   |  4 Pages Gende r discrimination can cover a wide variety of social prejudice. Throughout much of world history, even American history women have been treated as second class citizens. In the United States women have had to fight for rights such as the right to vote, or own land. These are just a few examples of the many injustices that women have had to face. Men have held the position of leadership, and power throughout history when it comes to almost everything. Men would even decide to whom a womenRead MoreGender Discrimination And The Workplace1356 Words   |  6 Pages2.1 Introduction For many decades now it has been said that there has been inequality in the workplace, it has been a major issue in the workplace in terms of women not being allowed to have certain jobs as well as in terms of women not being promoted within the workplace which all contributes to women being paid less than men. According to Ryan and Branscombe (2013), gender discrimination has been defined as the differential treatment members of one group receive compared to another by many socialRead MoreGender Discrimination In The Workplace1867 Words   |  8 PagesDiscrimination in the workplace, specifically gender discrimination is a significant matter, impacting women all over the world. Defined by the International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention No. 11, discrimination is ‘Any distinction, exclusion or preference made on the basis of race, colour, sex, religion, political opinion, national extraction or social origin, which has the effect of nullifying or impairing equality of op portunity or treatment in employment or occupation.’. As stated by GillianRead MoreGender Discrimination At The Workplace1749 Words   |  7 PagesMatthew Anders Prof. Bross College Writing November 14, 2014 Gender Discrimination in The Workplace In recent years, the issue of gender equality in the workplace and equal pay has been under serious debate. Although there has been significant improvement since when women were first able to work and equal opportunity laws were created, there is still some room for more improvement. The federal government has made laws over the years such as The Civil Rights act, Equal Pay Act and Family andRead MoreGender Discrimination And The Workplace2876 Words   |  12 Pageshave reached maturity, and that stereotyping and discrimination cease to exist. But it is from my own personal experience that I have found this is in fact, not the case, and that harassment in the workplace is a very real issue. Primarily, I am researching the way media portrays gender-biases in the workplace, and why they are relevant. Additionally, I am looking at which occupations might lead to higher levels of emotional stress related to gender inequality for women, and to what historical eventsRead MoreGender Dis crimination And The Workplace Essay1811 Words   |  8 PagesStereotypical gender norms have had a negative impact on what our society perceives as normal tasks for female accountants. More often than not, male accountants are given more demanding tasks in comparison to their female coworkers who are equally qualified but handed less strenuous tasks. Currently, there seems to be a gap in the ratio of women to men in positions of authority. This can be a variety of reasons, one being social norms of what is expected of women in the workforce. Women are frequentlyRead MoreGender Discrimination And The Workplace1835 Words   |  8 PagesGender Discrimination There are many things that a potential employee has to worry about when considering taking a position within a company. Things like the amount of pay they need, the benefits that will be offered to them, the values and morals of the company and whether or not those values and morals align with their own, and if they could see themselves growing within this company throughout the years because no one wants to work a dead end job for the rest of their life. However, along with

Madoff Case Free Essays

20102004 Thi Ngoc Thuy Do 1. What are the ethical issues involved in the Madoff case? Bernard Madoff was accused of fraud and creation of a Ponzi scheme which lead to a $65 billion investment loss for hundreds of investors in over the world. Bernard Madoff started a legal business by buying and selling over the counter stocks that were not listed on NYSE. We will write a custom essay sample on Madoff Case or any similar topic only for you Order Now He deceived many people into thinking his operation as legitimate, and completely abused his respectable name and position of power for his own personal advances. He lied to his friends and clients from the beginning and as later documented in his allocution, he never invested any of the money he got. He became a thief. Madoff started a Ponzi scheme on levels never seen before. Madoff stole from friends, family and investors. Madoff did not invest the money as he promised; he simply used it to pay off the first set of investors at very high return rates (10-12%), so he could attract more money. There were also jobs given to family members who could have helped the scheme. Madoff’s daughter was also married to a former Securities and Exchange Commission attorney. His company’s financial reports were never made public during the time of the scheme. I wonder how his company passed the tax audition imposed question on the SEC internal system. There is a big question for US government system. 2. Do you believe that Bernard Madoff worked alone, or do you think he had help in creating and sustaining his Ponzi scheme? Would this represent a conflict of interest? â€Å"Speaking as a Jew on Christmas, I would be less shocked if Santa Claus showed up to my house than if Bernie Madoff pulled off this fraud alone,† says Ron Geffner, a partner at law firm. So,I definitely believe Bernard Madoff did not work alone, he had help in creating and sustaining his Poniz scheme for 30 years. Without his accountants, family members, and other employees covering up his tracks, he wouldn’t have gotten away with misleading so many officials who certified his operation as legitimate. Since these people were satisfied with the constant returns. They all shared in an expensive living condition, nobody questioned was made. Without these people, Madoff wouldn’t have held up his operation for so long. Why internal accounting and auditing make no sense or Madoffs action. How Madoff elude investigation of SEC by transfer between his account and his familys account, those questions show that   Bernard Madoff need others help, he could not do these alone. The motivation of Madoff to set  Ponze scheme is very pure which only for money. The conflict of interest exists, the conflict  is between personal interest and public interest, Madoff a nd his family enjoys their luxury life style by cheating, public interest gets hurt. 3. What should be done to help ensure that Ponzi schemes like Madoff’s do not happen in the future? In order to prevent Ponzi schemes from recurring, internal controls and compliance standards that detect misconduct must be implemented. Awareness on these types of crimes needs to be raised as well. Investors should pay closer attention and realize that just because someone may seem to have a perfect resume, doesn’t mean they’re completely well fit and will act ethically. The market is unpredictable, so no one can ensure 100% for your interest in future. Furthermore, Government should run SEC effectively, so people can trust them before incident occur. How to cite Madoff Case, Papers

Business and Statistic Research Management

Question: Discuss about the Business and Statistic Research Management. Answer: Problem Statement E- business is becoming very common nowadays in Australia.The main purpose of the research is to identify the major problems related to the security issues. These issues are defined in respect to the E- Business. How to prevent E- Business from the security and Hacking issues. Literature Review While doing the E- Business, the security issues are getting very common. According to the Tech Girl Caurtney Kaufman, there are seven common problems with the small, medium and big business (Accent Computer Solutions, 2015). To manage the business, it is essential to identify the risk and solve it on priority. Some of the common risks defined by the author are the integration issues, disaster issues the recovery issues, security risk and lack of strategic planning and many more. Similarly, the article mentioned by the decision web design, the author also defines the most prominent issues which can affect the Business. The wide range of cause is defined, which are also affecting the actual business process. The author also defines the common consequences related to the security issues. These are impact of the virus on the website, insecure online payments, attack of malicious virus on the blogs the articles related to the business in order to identify their personal information. By identifying all this literature, the research aspects may become easier Variable and Hypothesis The hypothetical approach is mainly based on the variable. The variable is also categorized into two sections which are named as the dependent and independent variables. The hypothetical approach is also identified in two types which are named as the qualitative and quantitative approach. Both of these approaches are helpful in identifying the causes related to the security and hacking issues. The main purpose of the hypothetical approach is to focus on the collection of the data.(Hamel, 2016). Operational Definition and Management Operational definition and management is the necessary step by which the identification of the ongoing research can be defined in an appropriate manner. The sequence of the research and its existing process are essential to carry in a definite manner. To manage all the aspects, the operational definition and management is required. Other than this, the management of the data collection and data analysis is also identified with the help of the operational management (Ladan, 2012). Research Design and Methodology Research design and methodology is considered as the most prominent aspect of the research method. With the help of the research methodology, the suitable output can be generated easily. The two methods of research methodology are defined which are considered as the qualitative research analysis and the quantitative research analysis. From both these techniques, the most suitable technique will be selected for the research work. The ethical research methodology is considered as the different type of research methodology which is helpful in researching in an ethical manner. The NHMRC is responsible for introducing the concept of the ethical research methodology. There is also one different type of research methodology which is known as the ethical research methodology. In reference to the research work, the most suited method are the quantitative analysis and the ethical research work. Both these types of research work will be helpful in providing the appropriate output (Lord, 2002). Sampling and data analysis Sampling is the most important aspect of the research process. The suitable sampling method will be helpful in providing the appropriate feedback for the research work. The sequential collection of the data is known as the data collection or sampling method. The relevant questionnaire is prepared which is helpful in providing the appropriate answers. After completing the sampling work, the analysis of the data is the next step. The data analysis is an aspect through which the suitable study of the data can be done. The two methods are defined for the analysis of the data which is known as the primary data analysis and secondary data analysis. The primary data analysis is the pictorial representation by which the issues related to the E- Business in Australia are being identified (Federation University Australia, 2016). Other than this, the secondary data analysis will be helpful in defining the aspects with the help of the internet and the data available in the article and journals. The primary data analysis for the research topic is defined by considering the data of approximately 100 Consumers. Questionnaire Categorize the list of traders who uses the concept of E-Business? Retailers Wholesalers Traders Others What are the common issues which affect the E- Business? Loss of the Data Data Integrity Data Authentication Others Define the major intentions of Hackers to hack the data? Stealing the confidential data from the organization To hack the account information To steal the business strategy Others What are the methods by which the hacking issues can be avoided? By awareness By security By identifying advantages and disadvantage Other What are the methods by which the E- Business can be protected? By suitable Firewalls By encrypting the data By installing suitable antivirus Other Conclusion and Recommendations By observing the research aspects, it is well understood that the security issues continuously threatening the existing business of traders in Australia. In fact, some businesses are also influenced by the inappropriate security aspects adapted by the organizations. There are various recommendations provided to secure the data from the malicious virus, worms and the Trojan horses. After identifying the causes, the suitable security aspects should be generated in an appropriate manner. The social awareness and the development of the suitable security aspects should also be defined, so that the issues related to the E- Business can be solved easily. Bibliography Accent Computer Solutions, 2015. 7 Most Common Technology Problems for Small Businesses. 7 Most Common Technology Problems for Small Businesses, 13 April. Federation University Australia, 2016. Human research ethics. [Online] Available at: https://federation.edu.au/research/research-support/ethics/human-ethics Hamel, G., 2016. E-Business Security Concerns. E-Business Security Concerns, Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/ebusiness-security-concerns-44182.html Ladan, M. I., 2012. E-Business security challanges, Available at: https://sdiwc.net/digital-library/download.php?id=00000495.pdf Lord, P., 2002. Managing E-Business Security Challenges: Oracle, Available at: https://www.cgisecurity.com/database/oracle/pdf/9iR2hisec.PDF

Psychosocial Development Erikson, (1902-194), Concluded That A Humans

Psychosocial Development Erikson, (1902-194), concluded that a humans development is determined genetically and that in order to move through each stage of development than they must be biologically, socially and psychologically ready. Erikson believed that the child's genes resembled a timetable and it is this genetic timetable that determines the child's stages of development. ?Erikson extended this principle to social and psychological growth; it is human nature to pass through a predetermined sequence of psychosocial stages which are genetically determined'. Gross, (R), The Science of Mind and Behaviour. (1996) The Psychosocial Stages Erikson concluded that every personality has a certain amount of trust and mistrust that is essential to development through the stages. Erikson did however suggest that although the time to develop trust is in infancy he did suggest that under develop trust could be further develop in later life however it would be harder to do. Basic Trust Versus Mistrust (0-1): - This stage is essential to the child's development of trust toward not just it's parents particularly the mother, but how it trusts the rest of the world. If a child is well loved i.e. affection, cuddles etc. then it will develop an adequate of trust for the world, however should the child receive inadequate care then it will grow to mistrust. Trust enables the child to experience situations without fear whereas mistrust causes the child to fear, behaving with suspicion possibly even withdrawal. Autonomy Versus Shame and Doubt (1-3): - A this stage the child becomes mobile, curious and generally more independent. The ability to be able to see itself as it's own person separate from it's parents is known as, ?Autonomy'. It is at this point that all the parents should still ensure the child's well being they should still maintain a caring attitude and safe environment. At this stage if the child is put down or lead to believe it is a failure on a continual basis then the child may develop a feeling of shame and doubt in it's abilities and it's environment. Allowing the child to do things for itself and learning by its mistakes gives the child confidence and an increased self-esteem. Doing things for the child all the time and telling the child they are wrong will have the reverse effect. It is at this stage that if a child is not praised and allowed to do things for itself that insecurity appears i.e. in the form of attention seeking. Initiative Versus Guilt (3-5/6): -The child is discovering and developing new abilities and because of this the child's desire for knowledge is also increasing. The child should be encouraged to ask questions and adequate answers should be given. Play is also a crucial part in the child's mental and physical development. If the parent try's to stop this question asking or play the child will develop a feeling of guilt about it's desire to learn. Industry Versus Inferiority (7-12): - At this stage other adults othe r than parents begin to have significance in the child's development. The child becomes interested in the way things work, and are carried out. Relationships with other children should also be encouraged, as children need to compare themselves with others in order to develop their own identity. Failing to offer the child the right resources, amenities, guidance and encouragement will result in the child feeling inferior. Self Concept ?In the social jungle of human existence, there is no feeling of being alive without a sense of ego identity', Erik Erikson, (1963), Moonie, N, (1995). Self-concept is an individual's perception of their personality. Along with the self-concept is Self-awareness; this is how an individual imagines how others see them. The Self-concept can be divided into three interlocking components, Self-image, Self-esteem and the Ideal-self. Self Image: - This refers to the way we describe ourselves physically, mentally and emotionally, be it good or bad. Kuhn & McPo rtland (1954) Gross p.519 Suggest that the self image maybe broken into three categories, ?Social Roles', the aspects of our self-image that are objective i.e., student, employee, partner. Others can confirm these aspects they are definite aspects ?Personality Traits': - these aspects of our self-image that we perceive of ourselves may be

A study on the difficulties in teaching and learning English speaking to non-English major freshmen at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry (HUI) Essays

A study on the difficulties in teaching and learning English speaking to non-English major freshmen at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry (HUI) Essays A study on the difficulties in teaching and learning English speaking to non-English major freshmen at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry (HUI) Paper A study on the difficulties in teaching and learning English speaking to non-English major freshmen at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry (HUI) Paper A study on the difficulties in teaching and learning English speaking to non-English major freshmen at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry (HU) BY datsY27101989 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY OF STUDY PROJECT REPORT TITLE: A study on the difficulties in teaching and learning English speaking to non-English major freshmen at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry (HOI) Date of submission: 16/05/2013 Name: VO THI KIM COC Supervisors Name: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Le Hung Tien Tutors Name : Le Huong Hoa, M. A l certify that this work is entirely my own and has not been accepted as part of a submission to another purpose elsewhere. Signed: Word length: words ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study has been completed with the help and support of many people. Therefore, I am grateful to all of them. Most importantly, I wish to give my special acknowledgement to Mr. Le Hung Tien, my supervisor, who has made a significant contribution to the success of this research. He shaped me on the path toward being an independent researcher. I also would like to give my thanks for Ms. Le Huong Hoa, my tutor. Dear Ms. Hoa, thank you for your initial ideas of the research topic and your support during the time I was conducting the research. You have invested a lot of energy and valuable time counseling and correcting my study. Without your help and support, I would have been in much trouble completing my study. Working with you, I have learned a lot of valuable knowledge and experiences in doing research. Besides, I would like to Mrs. Dinh Thi Hoa, lecturer of Faculty of Foreign Languages at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry, who gave me advice on my study. Her advice and guidance helped me overcome difficulties while I was implementing the research. No acknowledgement would be completed without thanking my parents who always nspired me so much in finishing this research. I also want to give acknowledgement to my friends who spent their time to help me analyze my paper and provide insightful comments. TABLE OF CONTENTS SUPERVISORS REMARKS Grade: Supervisor Assoc. Prof. Dr. Le Hung Tien ABSTRACT The research carried out under the title A study on the difficulties in teaching and learning English speaking to non-English major freshmen at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry. The obstacles in teaching and learning speaking skill are surveyed in some selected classes and observed by the researcher. Interviews are also organized o get supplementary results for the questionnaires. All the quantitative and qualitative methods are conveyed to get data for the research. As the result, teachers and students have different difficulties in teaching and learning speaking skill. In classes, the teachers surveyed meet difficulties with the large size of classes, studentslow motivation, studentsinsuffcient English competence, and so on while students meet obstacles such as difficult lessons, teachers unsuitable teaching methods, and the worries of making mistakes. In summary, all the difficulties originate from objective and subjective reasons. The rationale of the study: Nowadays, English plays an important role in the society. The number of people English speaking is becoming popularly. Speaking skill is one of the inevitable skills in learning English. Penny Ur (1996:120) noted, Speaking seems intuitively the most important in four basic skills. In fact, through speaking, people can express their opinions, make social contact with others people, establish rapport. In some situation, we use English speaking to give instructions or to get things done. That is also a reason why today more and more people learn to speak English. Most of the learners of English agree that the ability to express themselves freely in communication is the great importance for their future career, especially in modern societies where contacting with foreigners often occurs. However, there still exist many difficulties in learning and teaching English in Vietnam in general and at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry (HOI) in particular. Many Vietnamese learners can write and read English quite well but they cannot speak it correctly and fluently in real-life communication. Surely, there are many reasons for this reality. After teaching the non-English major tudents especially freshmen at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry for some years, I have recognized some big obstacles which prevent English language teachers and learners in Vietnam from achieving their aims. These obstacles are: large and heterogeneous classes, students low level of English language proficiency, students low motivation and some others. Unfortunately, this is not only the situation in these universities but also the case for many other colleges and universities in Vietnam. This has given me the desire to conduct A study on the difficulties in teaching and of Industry 2. Aims of the study: The research investigates the reality of teaching and learning English speaking skill to non-English major freshmen at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry. The main goal of the research is to identify the difficulties of teacher and students when they deal with speaking skill. 3. Research questions of the study: 1 . What are the difficulties of teacher at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry when teaching English speaking to non-English major freshmen? 2. What are the difficulties of non-English major freshmen at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry when learning the English speaking? 4. The scope of the study: Teaching and learning the English speaking skill is a wide field for research. In the scope of this study due to the limited time and knowledge, the study focuses on difficulties in teaching and learning English speaking to the first-year students of non-English major at HI-Jl. 5. Methods of the study: To fullflll the above aims, the investigator has chosen both qualitative and quantitative methods for the study. Data for analysis are gained through the following sources: Survey questionnaires: this method is used to find out the difficulties the teacher and first-year students of non-English major at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry when they learn and teach English speaking. The questionnaires are useful for getting data of the attitudes and behaviors of the teachers and learners when facing these difficulties. It is very convenient for the significant in getting more qualitative data by getting closer to the objects of the study. Moreover, observation done by the researcher is leading to more objective data and open new perspective of the study. 6. Design of the study: This minor study consists of two parts: Part A- INTRODUCTION: states the rationale, aims, research questions, the scope, ethod and design of the study. Part B- DEVELOPMENT: includes three chapters: Chapter I -LITERATURE REVIEW: provides theoretical background that is relevant to the purpose of the study. Chapter II -METHODOLOGY: presents the methodology of the study including the research context, methods of study, research design. Chapter Ill -FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION: deals with the data analysis of two questionnaires designed for English teachers and non-English major freshmen to find out their difficulties in teaching and learning speaking skill. PART S: DEVELOPMENT 1. 1. Speaking Skill: 1. 1. 1 . Concepts of Speaking: Speaking is the productive, oral skill. Speaking consists of producing systematic verbal utterances to convey meaning (utterances are simply things people say). According to Carter David Nunans book (2001 :19), speaking is an interactive process of constructing meaning that involves producing and receiving and processing information and it is often spontaneous, open-ended and evolving, but it is not completely unpredictable. Speaking is fundamental to human communication. Different linguistics has different concepts of speaking but they are all agreeing with this idea. Brown also defines in her book speaking as an process of constructing meaning that involves producing, receiving and processing information, (1994:241). In Brown and Yules opinions in teaching the Spoken Language book (1983:236), spoken language consists of short, fragmentary utterances in a range of pronunciation. Usually, there is a great deal of repetition and overlap between one speaker and another. Speaker usually uses non-specific references. They also add that spoken language is made by using the loosely organized syntax, and non-specific words, phrases and filters such as Oh, well, uhuh, etc. A comprehensive discussion of the nature of speaking is provided by Bygate (1991 59), who shows that in order to be able to speak a foreign language, it is obviously necessary to have micro-linguistic skills, that is, to understand some grammar, vocabulary and the rules governing how words are put together to form sentences. However, these motor-perceptive skills, as Bygate calls them, are not sufficient since while producing sentences, we often have to adapt them to the circumstances. He then presents the second set of speaking skills: the interaction skills, which involve using knowledge and basic motor- erception skills in deciding what to say and how to say it, while maintaining the intended relation with others. 1. 1. 2. The Role and Status of Speaking in Language Learning and Teaching: As it was implied in the introduction, the skill of speaking has been recently considered by many methodologists a priority in language teaching. Of all the four skills, Ur (1996: 120) concludes, speaking seems intuitively the most important. Most language learners, she adds, are primarily interested in learning to speak. Similar view is held by Nunan, who says that the ability to operate in a second anguage can be actually equated to the ability to speak that language. Hedge (2000:258) gives the evidence that speaking has recently obtained, at least from textbook writers, the attention it deserves: Learners need to develop at the same time the knowledge of grammar, vocabulary, functional language and communicative skills. Attention to the systems of language is crucial, but the development of fluency and contextual appropriate are equally important goals. The reasons for learning to speak competently are formulated as follows: Learners may need the skill to establish nd maintain relationships, to negotiate, to influence people. Speaking is the skill by which learners are assessed when the first impression is formed in Hedges book (2000: 261). 1. 2. Difficulties in Teaching and Learning to Speak English Skill: 1. 2. 1 . Difficulties from Teacher: There is no learning without teaching. So as a tool of implementing teaching plans learning. Quite a few researches have discussed the relationship between teacher talk and language learning. As Nunan (1991:203) points out: Teacher talk is of crucial importance, not only for the organization of the classroom but also for the processes f acquisition. It is important for the organization and management of the classroom because it is through language that teachers either succeed or fail in implementing their teaching plans. In terms of acquisition, teacher talk is important because it is probably the major source of comprehensible target language input the learner is likely to receive. The amount and type of teacher talk is even regarded as a decisive factor of success or failure in classroom teaching. Moreover, to make the process of teaching and learning effective, it is very essential to build a friendly, non-threatening lassroom atmosphere which is created on the basis of a close teacher-learner relationship. Therefore, inappropriate teacher pedagogical practices through not only classroom teacher talk but also classroom teacher-learner relationship have also been seen as a major contributor to the difficulties in teaching speaking skill. 1. 2. 2. Difficulties from Students: In speaking class, besides the active learners, some learners feel shy or afraid to speak or express their ideas, especially when students are being asked to give personal information or opinions. Maybe students fear to lose face in front of their lassmates. Referring to this problem, David Nunan noted in his book (1999:231), In the recent informal survey that I carried out with colleagues, reluctance to speak on the part of student was seen as their biggest challenge. In the speaking activities, pronunciation plays an important role; it is the way for students to produce clearer language when they speak. If they pronounce wrong, no one can understand what they want to say. Howatt talked about this problem in Ronald Carter and David Nunans book (2001: 14), it was essential that the learners pronunciation should be orrect before moving on to texts. Besides that, the local accent is also another reason so that they need to practice the right pronunciation. They must follow a standard accent to pronounce exactly. Another aspect of speaking that is particularly relevant for second language speakers concerns whether or not the speaking is planned or spontaneous (David Nunan, 2001:227). With speaking performance, students often have mistakes on grammatical points such as word using, tense and sentence structure because there are differences on structure, tenses, and word order between English and Vietnamese. Thus, to speak a language, one must know how the language is used in a social context Richards Renandya (2002:206). Being influenced by the mother tongue, learners sometime cannot use word appropriately and speak English like native speakers because each language has its own rules of usage. That is the main reason preventing students ability of English speaking. There are some situations happening in classroom. Teachers give students a topic to speak, but they cannot present the topic. The reason for this problem is that students do not have enough knowledge, vocabulary or they are not major in this topic. When students do not have idea to express the topic, it can be easy for students to feel boring in speaking class. Therefore, in order to improve the speaking skill, students not only understand the basic knowledge involving in many different fields but also have a large knowledge of vocabulary. As Canale and Swain proposed, competence, sociolinguistic competence, and strategic competence, which reflect the use of the linguistic system and the functional aspects of communication, respectively, Richards and Renandyas book (2002:206). CHAPTER II: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 2. 1 . Method context: . 1. 1 . Description of the English course for non-English major freshmen and its objectives at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry: The study is conducted at Ho Chi Minh university of Industry. They must spend the first two years learning Basic English. They learn integrated skills (speaking, listening, reading and writing) in a 12 credit course in three semesters. Students learn the textbooks American Headway 1B, American Headway 2A, American Headway 2B. The aim of this course for non-English major freshmen is to develop students communicative competence in English. After he course, students are expected to communicate in English at the intermediate level. Students will normally learn English to communicate with other people fluently after finishing their study at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry. . 1. 2. Description of the non-English major freshmen at HOI: Most of non-English major freshmen at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry must learn English from the first semester (at the beginning of the first year) to the second or third semester (at the end of the first year). They start at different levels of English and learn different majors such as Electrical, Electronic, Mechanical, Chemical Engineering, Environment, Information T echnology, Business Administration, Finance and Banking. Students who have a certain competence of English forget a part what they learned after the long time they prepared for the university entrance examination. 2. 1. 3. Description of the English teachers at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry: Most of English teachers teach English for non-English major students are from Faculty of Foreign Languages at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry. Most of them graduated from some institutions r universities of training teachers of English such as Ho Chi Minh University of Pedagogy, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, or other universities in Australia, Canada and English. The qualification status of teaching contingent is that of the teachers are enthusiastic and active in teaching. The frequent meeting or discussions on how to improve the teaching and learning quality are held to get new ideas about changing teaching and learning methods as well as adapting materials appropriate to students. 2. 2. Methods of study: The study employs both quantitative and qualitative research methods. This is, according to WisJer. G (2001 :138) a common approach. Questionnaires are used as a kind of quantitative method of study to collect information from teachers and students. The questionnaires include both closed and open-ended questions which give teachers and students chance to express their opinions on the difficulties of teaching and learning English speaking skill. Besides that, interviews and group observation are used to get quantitative data for the study. Their in-dept thinking noted during the interview will help the researcher have more sights looks into the study issue. Moreover, observations give a condition for the researcher to check whether the teachers and students do what they say in the lessons. . 3. Research design: 2. 3. 1 . Sample and sampling: The data of the study is collected from two main sources: survey questionnaires and interviews. The survey questionnaire is conducted among 1 5 teachers who have from 3 to 10 years in teaching English to non-English major students at Ho Chi Minh University of Industry. The questionnaires for non-English major students are delivered to 150 students learning in three groups. They are first-year students who re taking part in a second semester of their English course. 2. 3. 2. Research Instruments: The data for the study comes from both a quantitative method called survey questionnaires, and two qualitative methods mainly interview and group observation. 2. 3. 3. Data analysis: Data analysis is not only the process of reading out the data collected but the process of interpreting data under the viewpoint and experience of the researcher. The analysis will bring a lot of suppositions in the research question into light. These results will be presented in forms of tables and chart that help to compare different iewpoints of teachers and students on the research problems. CHAPTER Ill: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION This part will deal with the data analysis of two questionnaires designed for English teachers and non-English major freshmen to find out their difficulties in teaching and learning English speaking skill. BOOKS: 1 . Brown, H. D. (1994). Teaching by Principles: an Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy. Prentice Hall. 2. Brown, G. Yule, G. (1983). Teaching the Spoken Language. Cambridge University Press. 3. Bygate. (1987). Speaking. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 4. David Nunan. 1999). Second Language Teaching Learning. Heinle Heinle Publishers. 5. Jack C. Richards and Willy A. Renandya. (2002). Methodology in Language Teaching. Cambridge University Press. 6. Ronald Carter David Nunan (2001). The Cambridge Guide to Teaching English to Speakers of other Languages. Cambridge University Press. 7. Tricia Hedge. (2000). Teaching and Learning in the Language Classroom. Oxford University Press. 8. Ur, P. (1996). A Course in Language Teaching. Cambridge University Press. 9. Wisker, G. (2001), The Postgraduate Research Handbook, Palgrave Study Guides

Benefit Analysis in Project Management †Free Samples to Students

Allsports Sports Club is a place where many outdoor games like cricket, football and even athletics are conducted along with some indoor games like table tennis and others. The club is very much popular in the vicinity. There are many thousand members of the club who es to play these games on daily basis. A weekly newsletter is being released here on every Wednesday with articles on sports and few advertisement of outside business. The hitch is the release of this newsletter which is being supervised by Club President. The main objective of the report is to solve few technical and operational issues being faced by Club president on daily life to release the newsletter on timely basis. For which the owner has awarded us the contract to provide the solution. For the releasing of newsletter on every Wednesday, it is the duty of editor to collect and publish the articles based on the sports activities happened till last Saturday and moreover every week the editor need to change and every member need to be given equal opportunity of b ing the editor. But it remains the responsibility of Club president to see that all the members are getting equal chance. President is having only the word and spreadsheet as the software to manage the information related to many thousand members. President had to face many issues on daily basis to manage such big database. Few issues are listed below: So maintaining these information in spreadsheet needs vigorous and accurate filtering and maintain such dynamic information where every day the activities or the database need to be updated then only the next course of action can be finalised. So in such dynamic situation where daily there are ments and the whole system requirements changes accordingly the only methodology which fits in this situation is the Agile methodology of developing the system. The selected method that is Agile methodology for developing the information system of Allsports Sports Club is the best approach because it is a people centric project where every moment some ments need to be updated an again modify the system to generate the desired result (McLaughlin, 2017). So the merits of this methodology can be used with for below betterment of the system are: The sutomated system can be used to store an manage all the information related to thousands of stakeholders This methodology is the best option for this kind of changing conditions So Agile methodology option is the best approach to develop the desired system The primary required functions required to develop Allsports Sports Club System are: Unique registration ID is must for all users: so that the users who all are logging and for long they are logged in can be tracked, so that the exact work hours can be defined for the staffs to develop the publication. Verification of users: need to be done to prevent entry of any unwanted person in to the system and all the personal data shall remain intact. System must be accessible from all locations: so that members need not e to club physically for writing the articles and they can sit anywhere and write it, even after writing either they can upload in the system or e-mail to editor for further action. Proper functioning of the large database: is must to show desirable information. Window view wise access: is required to be provided depending on the person. The administrative access must be available with Club President to enable access to all folders. Generation of proper notification and follow-up system: is required for timely releasing of newsletter Always show pending tasks for the week: for developing the newsletter on time Highlight next week’s editor name from 1 week before itself: to help club president in municating with him well in advance Common format of newsletter: need to be maintained to save last minute run for the format arrangement The non-functional requirements for developing Allsports Sports Club System are: Secured enough: the system need to installed good quality firewalls to prevent from any probable attack and preserve the information related to users. Accessible from all devices: to provide flexibility to users and ease of developing the articles System must be well understandable: for proper optimum use of the software. As per (Wrike, 2017) the cost benefit analysis in the field of project management is a great tool which can provide information regarding the parison between the investment made Vs the benefits incurred due to the investment. In this technique, all the expenditures are calculated together and arranged in time phase manner, then similarly the profits or benefits are also calculated and tabulated (refer table 1). Then the difference between both the expenditures and the benefits can provide NPV (Net present value), IRR (Internal rate of Return), ROI (Return on Investment) and Pay-back period. The more NPV, IRR & ROI are positive and the less Pay-back period is good for the project and is advisable for investment. WBS or the Work Breakdown Structure is a hierarchical structure being developed to breakdown the total scope of work to a meaningful level which can be tracked and controlled easily and supervised (Gordon and McDonough, 2016). This tool is mainly useful for the senior management or the project sponsor to look at the progress of the project at a single sheet. So here the total scope of system development is divided in the project management processes, that is ‘Initiation’, ‘Planning’, ‘Execution’ and ‘Closing’. Then in next stage these levels are further divided in to work activity level. Now once the Gantt chart is developed, we can observe that there are merely 4 activities out of critical path, so the whole schedule is almost critical and all the activities need to be controlled properly to void any delay in the overall duration of the project. The total project duration is 3.5 months. The people who are anyways related to the project’s success or failure or can influence are known as the stakeholders of the project (Miller, 2017). Majorly the stakeholders can be sub divided in two parts; one is ‘Internal Stakeholders’ and the other ‘External Stakeholder’. The investigation techniques are required for proper tracking and confirming the process involved in the project life cycle are running well and the product shall be delivered well within time and budgeted cost. Audit of document and processes: this is the technique where the documents and the processes of projects are being checked thoroughly to find any lacunas; the audit is also scheduled at regular interval to check the system correctness and for further improvement too. This method is useful for the system development, as we are using Agile methodology and after some point of time Agile has a tendency to run out of budget if not checked at every step. Interview of individuals: it is the process of obtaining correct and unbiased information regarding the project progress or some issues. Here one to one interview is conducted with some pre- set questionnaires. It is useful for the system because the questionnaires are set by some expert in the same field and the collection of unbiased response can really help in finding any issue or the rrot cause. Discussion by organising a meeting: it is the organised official meeting being conducted between the subject experts to provide their point of view and then other can debate and after some pint of time the team of experts can reach to a mon and best consensus. It is very much useful if the participants have good exposure of the topic of discussion. The chosen methodology of the system development procedure is the real achievement of the report, as Agile can be the best fit for the type of project it is. Moreover, the investigation techniques are very strong so that each step can be verified well before providing further. Currently there is no constraint, but the budget can be constraints after some progress of the project, since Agile has a tendency to overshoot the budget due to continuous development and a clear budget cannot be finalised at very beginning of the project. It is to conclude that the schedule time and budget as o now seems to be achievable and the project is very much beneficial at this point. Gordon, Ann and Michele McDonough. 2016. What is a Work Breakdown Structure? [online]. [Accessed 20 August 2017]. Available from World Wide Web: McLaughlin, Mike. 2017. What Is Agile Methodology? [online]. [Accessed 20 August 2017]. Available from World Wide Web: Miller, Mike. 2017. Project Stakeholders: Definition, Role & Identification. [online]. [Accessed 20 August 2017]. Available from World Wide Web: Wrike. 2017. What is Cost Benefit Analysis in Project Management? [online]. [Accessed 20 August 2017]. Available from World Wide Web: End your doubt 'should I pay someone to do my dissertation by availing dissertation writing services from